Hydrocarbon still



J C. POOL.

HYDROCARBON STILL.

:.PPLlcATloN FILED FEB,'18.1920.

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1 CL'PooL. I HYDROCAHBUN STILL. ArfPLycAsoN 'mm FEB. la,l |920.

' Patented NOV.2L 192.2.

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- J' CORIBLEY POOL, OF SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALFTO W. JB.

Patented Nov. 2l, w22..i

POOLE, OF SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA.

Hxnaocaaon STILL.

' Application led February 18, 1920. Serial No. 359,505.

To all whom it may concern v Be it known that `I,- J CORBLEY POOL, acitizen of the United States, residing at Santa Barbara, in the countyof Santa Barbara and State of California, have invented certain -neW anduseful Improvements in a Hydrocarbon Still, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates generally to limprovements in apparatus foreffecting fractional distillation of hydro-carbon oils, and moreparticularly the invention aims to produce a maximum quantity ofgasoline and motor oils from a given quantity of crude petroleum.

Among other and equally important objects of the invention are: toprovide means ,whereby the formation of cakel in a still 'will bedecreased to prevent, among other things, the burning out of the still;to improve upon prior means for heating the still to attain a maximumheating efiiciency for a given amount of fuel; to effect direct andcontinuous removal of sludge, tar and residuum from the still during theprocess of, distillation; to provide for the direct return of allhydrocarbon distillates of a speciiic 'gravity greater than gasoline tothe still for re-distillation` or re-crackingg to attain positiveregulation of pressure within the various elements of the apparatus; andto improve upon prior methods and apparatus for isolating the desireddistillates.

In order to define the invention in general terms it is pointed out thatthe still is arranged at an incline to the furnace and communicates atits lower end with a storage tank for receiving sludge, tar and otherresiduum. Extending through the still are heating tubes and the exteriorwalls of the still are spaced from the walls of the furnace to effect areturn draft tothe chimney in order to attain a maximum eiliciency ofthe furnace. Communicating with the upper end of the still is a vapordome or tower. to permit condensation and ,return of theheavierhydro-carbons to the still, and connected with the vapor dome ortower is a primary condenser provided with baflle plates associated withheatingelements and divided into compartments for isolating the desireddistillates. In the primary condenser the heavier hydro-carbons aredrained back to the still, the gasoline and naphtha tapped to storagetanks, and the lightest 56 vapors carried to a secondary condenserhaving` atmospheric temperature and pressure. e or the purpose ofillustrating this invention, there is shown in the accompanying drawingsone form thereof which is at 60 present preferred, since the same hasbeen found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results,although it'is to be understood that the various instrumentalitiesofwhich the invention consists can be variously arranged and organized andthat the invention is not limited to the precise arrangement andorganiz-ation of these instrumentalities as herein shown and described 4y In the drawings Figure l is a side elevation of the apparatus in itsentirety showing the furnace and still in section.

Figure 2 is a view on the line 2-2 of 75 I Figure l.

Figure 3 is a view on the line 3 3 ure l.

Figure 4 is a view on the line 4 4 of Figure l.

Figure 5 is `an enlarged longitudinal section taken through the primarycondenser.

Figure 6 is a detail view of one of the bailie plates and heatingelements of the condenser, and

Figure is a view of another of the baffle plates and heating elementswhich constitute also a partition for dividing the primary condenserinto compartments.

In the drawings wherein like'characters 90 of reference indicate like orsimilar parts A designates the fire box of a furnace which in thisinstance is provided with a v communicating chamber 5 adjacent the rearwall 6 of the iire box and between which 95 and the fire box is arrangeda foraminated or slotted arch 7 fori breaking the flame blast. Extendinginto the chamber 5 is a recording pyrometer for an obvious purpose.Adjacent the upper end of the cham 100 ber 5 'the front wall of thefurnace is enlarged as at 8 and arranged atan. incline to the chamberand with its end resting u on the enlargement 8 `and upon the rear wa 16 of the frebox is a still B.

The portion of thel furnace to the rear and above the l're box is builtout as at C and has a central cavity 9 of greaterL size than of Figthestill B which is arrangedtherein so that the heated air which passesthrough the open heating' tubes 1'0 arranged longitudinally andextending from end to end of the still will pass out the upper endsthereof, around the outside of the still and up into the smoke chamber11 of the furnace which communicates with the chimney D. As

clearly illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 the spaces between the still andthe walls of the cavity 9A have arranged therein casings 12 whichconform toy the shape of the spaces and serve to support the still inaddition to protecting thewalls thereof ,and the walls of the cavity.The upper portion of the wall of the still lies against the walls of thecavityy and the upper end of the still terminates short of the end wallof the cavity.

A manhole 13 having a cover 14 is arranged re'arbportion of the rearwall 6 of the furnace is a settling or storage tank E for receivingsludge, tar and other residuum for the still. The peculiar arrangementof the settling tank E permits the sludge or tar to pass directlythereto from the still during the process of distillation and theinclination of the still and arrangement of the heatingapparatus greatlydecreases the formation of cake therein. A recording pyrometer and amanhole 1'5 are arranged in the settling tank E,

v and an outlet pipe 16 having a valve 17 comi municates therewith fordraining its con-l tents. \Furthermore, as the still "will probably beoperated under pressure a pressure line communicates therewith and isprovided with a recording dial 18 of the usual type;-

while a manhole 19 permitsfcleaning the still when it is so desired.

Communicating withthe still B at a point adjacent the upper end thereofis a vapor dome' or tower F which in turn communicates wlth a primarycondenser G through 'a conduit 20, and extendin `through the l wall ofthe tower or dome an passing to the still is a crude oil supply pipe 21.In operation the vapors ar1s1ng from the still pass upwardly into thedome or tower F where the heavier vapors condense and the lighter vaporspass on through the conduit 20 to the primary condenser G.

The primary condenser G has arranged therein balie plates 22 and 23extending respectively from the top and bottom of the a steam inlet pipe26 extending to a boiler (not shown), and each coil branch is providedwith a valve 27 for regulating the admission of steam to the severalcoils in order to attain different temperatures in the variouscompartments to produce the desired distillates. A plurality ofrecording pyrometers 28 are also provided, one of eachv of whichcommunicates with each of the several compartments. The dead steam iscarried olf by a pipe line 29 which may lead to a superheater (notshown) if desired. Communicating with each of the compartments lthroughthe bottom portion of the condenser are outlet pipes 30 whichcommunicate with adrain pipe-31 extending to the still for returningresiduum and the heavier hydrocarbons for redistillation or cracking,and in each outlet pipe is carried a valve 32. As the heaviesthydro-carbons are designed to be condensed in compartments Ga and Gbthey are immediately carried to the still for redistillation, but as thegasoline, naphtha,

etc., are condensed in compartments, GC, Gd,

Gre and Grt branch conduits 33 are tapped into outlet pipes 30 of thesecompartments above the valves 32, so that upon closing the valves 32these distillates will immediately be carried to the storage tanksindicated in Figure l and designated for the sake of clarity by thenumerals 34. With reference to the foregoing it is to be understood that*the temperature in the several compartments may be regulated b thevalves 27 to produce the desired disti ates; these temperatures beingindicated by the recording pyrometers 28.

A secondary condenser H is connected with the rear end of the primarycondenser by a conduit 35 which has mounted thereon a pressure gage36and a relief valve 37; it being desirable to reduce the pressure tonormalor atmospheric pressure after the remaining vapors leave theprimary condenser. The secondary condenser is formed with a plurality ofcoils 38 formed by bends in the conduit 35 and these coils are atatmospheric temperature and pressure in order to condense and carry olfthe remaining distillates from the primary condenser after the gasolineor #l and #2 distillates, and

the naphthas, 45 and 50 have been removed. v

No storage tank is shown in conjunction with the vsecondary condenserI-I but it is to be understood that the conduit discharges into asuitable storage tank at some other point in the vicinity of theapparatus.

In o eration, the crude oil is admitted to the stil B through pipe 21and as thehot air blast passes through the tubes 10 and about.` thestill through the flue or cavity 9 the process of distillatlon takesplace, vapors rise within the dome or tower F and the lifrhter vaporsare carried through the conduit 20 to the primary condenser G. Theheavier vapors in the dome or tower F are condensed and return to thestill for redistillation or re-cracking and tar, sludge and otherresiduum settles to the tank Upon entering the primary condenser G (inwhich the temperature in the respective compartments Ga, Gb, G, Gd, Geand Gt have been regulated through manipulation of valves 27) theheavier distillates are condensed in compartments Ga and Gb and are'carried to the still B through the drain pipe 3l, while gasoline (#1and #2 distillates) is condensed in compartments Gc and Gd and 45 and 50naphtha is condensed in compartments Ge and G and are subsequentlycarried of through pipes 33 to storage tanks 34.-, it being understoodthat valves 32 are closedbelow the conduits or pipes 33. All

other and lighter vapors are carried through ing, it is thought that aclear and comprehensive understanding of the construction, operation,and advantagesof the invention may be had, but while I lhave shown anddescribed the device as embodying a specific structure, I desire it tobe understood that such changes may be made in thel structure, as do.not depart from the of the invention as claimed.

whereupon the l spirit and scope What I claim is: e 1. In a distillingand 'condensing apparatus, a furnace, an inclined still having its lowerend positioned over the mouth of said furnace, means comprising firetubes extending longitudinally through the still for directing theheated air from the furnace to the lower end of the still, then throughthe still to the upper end thereof est4 and then downwardly around theoutside v of said still, and a settling tank communicating directly withsaid still and positioned without said furnace and out of contact withthe heated gases from said furnace.

2. In a distilling and condensing apparatus, a furnace, an inclinedstill having its lower end positioned over the mouth of said furnace,means for directing the heated air from the furnace to the lower end ofthe still, then through the still to the upper end thereof and thendownwardly around the outside of said still, a settling tankcommunicating directly with said still and positioned without saidfurnace and out of contac't with the heated gases from said furnace, avapor dome 'connected with said still, means extending through saidvapor dome and into said still vfor delivering crude oil to said still,and a condenser for vapors issuing from the still connected with saidvapor dome. l

3. In an oil cracking and distilling apparatus, a furnace, an inclinedsti-ll having its lower end positioned over the mouth of said furnace,means for directing the heated air from the furnace to the lower end ofthe still, then. through the still to the upper end thereof and thendownwardly around they outside of' said still, a settling tankcommunicating directly with said still and positioned without saidfurnace and out of contact with the heated gases from said furnace, avapor dome 'connected withsaid still,

means extending through said vapor domeA and into said still'fordelivering crude oil to said still, and a fractionating condenser forreceiving the vapors evolved from said still for separating'the heavydistillates and returning same tothe still.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature hereto.

A, J CORBLEY POOL..

